Эссе наурыз на английском языке. Учительские университеты. Отчет по практике в гостинице

Nowruz holiday - one of the oldest festivals in the world. It is celebrated over five thousand years as a celebration of spring and the renewal of nature by many peoples Near East and Central Asia, and according to some - and the eastern Slavs .

Historical information about this holiday are found in the writings of many ancient and medieval authors. ET reckoning it meets Iranian New Year (Nowruz) . From generation to generation, passed the tradition of celebrating Nowruz Kazakhs, Uzbeks, Uighurs . Tajiks called him " Gulgardon " or " Gulnavruz " Tatars - " Nardugan " and the ancient Greeks , it was known as the " Patras " The roots of the holiday can be found in ancient pagan rituals. The form itself celebration since ancient times carried the principles of love for nature. Despite the remoteness of this holiday is preserved in folk memory , and now has a new spiritual and ethical meaning .бұл ағылшынша

орысшасы:

Праздник Наурыз - один из самых древних праздников на Земле. Он отмечается уже более пяти тысяч лет как праздник весны и обновления природы многими народами Передней и Средней Азии, а по некоторым данным - и у восточных славян.

Исторические сведения об этом празднике встречаются в трудах многих античных и средневековых авторов. По восточному летоисчислению он соответствует иранскому Новому году (Навруз). Из поколения в поколение передавали традиции празднования Наурыза казахи, узбеки, уйгуры. Таджики называли его "Гульгардон" или "Гульнавруз", татары - "Нардуган", а древним грекам он был известен как "Патрих", Корни праздника можно отыскать в древних языческих обрядах. Сама по себе форма празднования с глубокой древности несла в себе принципы любви к природе. Несмотря на давность, этот праздник сохранился в народной памяти, и в настоящее время приобрел новый духовно-этический смысл.

Nowruz marks the first day of spring and the beginning of the year in the Persian calendar. It is celebrated on the day of the astronomical Northward equinox, which usually occurs on March 21 or the previous/following day depending on where it is observed. The moment the Sun crosses thecelestial equator and equalizes night and day is calculated exactly every year and families gather together to observe the rituals.

Nowruz is celebrated by people from diverse ethnic communities and religious backgrounds for thousands of years. It is a secular holiday that is enjoyed by people of several different faiths. It is originated in the geographical area called Greater Persia (modern day Iran, Western Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan). The distinct culture based on the language, food, music and leisure activities that developed among the many people and ethnic groups who lived in this area are known as Persian.

Nowruz is partly rooted in the religious tradition of Zoroastrianism. Among other ideas, Zoroastrianism is the first ever monotheistic religion that emphasizes broad concepts such as the corresponding work of Good and evil in the world, and the connection of humans to nature. Zoroastrian practices were dominant for much of the history of ancient Persia (centered in what is now Iran). Nowruz is believed to have been invented byZoroaster himself, although there is no clear date of origin. Since the Achaemenid era the official year has begun with the New Day when the Sunleaves the zodiac of Pisces and enters the zodiacal sign of Aries, signifying the Spring Equinox. Nowruz is also a holy day for Sufis, Bektashis,Ismailis, Alawites, Alevis, Babis and adherents of the Bahá"í Faith.

The term Nowruz in writing first appeared in Persian records in the 2nd century AD, but it was also an important day during the time of theAchaemenids (c. 550–330 BCE), where kings from different nations under the Persian Empire used to bring gifts to the Emperor, also called King of Kings (Shahanshah), of Persia on Nowruz. The significance of Nowruz in the Achaemenid empire was such that the great Persian king Cambyses II"s appointment as the king of Babylon was legitimized only after his participation in the New Year festival (Nowruz).

The UN"s General Assembly in 2010 recognized the International Day of Nowruz, describing it as a spring festival of Persian origin which has been celebrated for over 3,000 years. During the meeting of The Inter-governmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Heritage of theUnited Nations, held between 28 September – 2 October 2009 in Abu Dhabi, Nowrūz was officially registered on the UNESCO List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

The official world celebration for Nowruz is held in countries which observe this festival. The first world celebration for Nowruz was held in the capital of Iran Tehran on 27 March 2010. Until now this celebration has been held in Tajikistan and Turkmenistan.

Nauryz is one of the oldest holidays on Earth. This holiday of spring and the renewed life of the Earth has been celebrated for over five thousand years by many cultures of the Middle and Central Asia and, according to some sources, by eastern Slavs as well.

Historical records referring to this holiday can be found in ancient and middle age documents. In the oriental chronology, it corresponds to Navruz, the Iranian New Year. Kazakhs, Uzbeks and Uighurs passed the Nauryz traditions from generation to generation. The Tajiks called it Gulgardon or Gulnavruz, the Tatars refer to it as Nardugan and the Ancient Greeks knew it as Patrich. The roots of this holiday can be traced to old pagan rituals. The celebration was meant to reflect people"s love to nature. People have preserved the rituals, and today the holiday has acquired new spiritual and ethical meaning.

This holiday has been celebrated on 22 March, the day of the spring equinox. That"s why the Kazakhs call the month of March Nauryz . It was celebrated as the day of the renewed life which comes with the spring. It was the day when the first spring thunder strikes, buds are swelling on the trees and vegetation grows wildly. Nauryz as a non-religious celebration of the spring and renewal is closely linked to some other Kazakh holidays, such as a "farewell to winter" festival. Boys born on this day would be called Nauryz bai or Nauryz bek, and girls Nauryz or Nauryz gul. It was seen as a good omen if it was snowing on that day.

The March snow is usually soft and particularly white. Beautiful girls were often compared to the white snow of Nauzys. In the past, the Kazakh called Nauryz the Day of the People or the Great Day of the People. People believed, the more generous the celebration of Nauryz was the happier the year would be. Therefore, there are so many rituals and festivities related to this holiday. On the eve of the holiday, people would clean their homes, pay back their debts and reconciled with their opponents because, as the old people used to say, if Nauryz entered the house, all diseases and failures would pass it by. On the night before the festival, all vessels in the house would be filled with milk, airan (plain yogurt), grain, and spring water because it meant that people would have a lot of milk, good yield and plenty of rain during the coming year.

During the day, everybody tried to be in good spirits, would give a big hug to each other and wish good fortune and happiness to others. The celebrations would begin with sunrise. There is an old ritual "If you see a spring, clean up its source". At dawn, all adults, youngsters and children would pick up spades, go to an agreed place near a spring or aryk (small water canal) and clean it. There, they would also plant trees under the supervision of respectable old people. During the process, they had to say: "Let a man leave a tree rather than a herd in the people"s memory" and "If you cut one tree, you will have to plant ten!"

Открытый урок

по английскому языку

Тема : « “Nauryz” Work with vocabulary»

«Наурыз» Работа с лексикой.

В.В. Рязанова

преподаватель русского языка и литературы, английского языка

КГКП «Рудненский музыкальный колледж»

Костанайская область, г.Рудный

Text “Nauryz” Work with vocabulary

Целеполагание:

Практиковать использование лексики по теме «Наурыз»

Развивать словарный запас.

Воспитывать чувство патриотизма через обсуждение темы национального праздника.

Aims: (СЛАЙД 3)

To practice speaking on the theme “Nauryz”;

To develop the vocabulary;

To encourage patriotism through the discussing of the theme of national holiday.

Type of the lesson : the lesson of the new knowledge.

Тип урока: урок новых знаний

Kind : problem.

Вид : проблемное обучение.

Shape of the lesson : group.

Форма урока : групповое занятие.

Organizing moment:

Организационный момент:

Try to imaging what is the text about:

Попробуйте представить, очем будет текст используя пять ключевых слов.

You can use only these 5 words:

(The text is about the traditional spring holiday - Nayruz. All family prepares & eats Kozhe.)

Task 1 .

Checking of the home-task. What was your home-task?

Проверка домашнего задания.

Look through the text, analyze each sentence, give “marks” & make a summary

+ I knew it

New information

! (exclamation mark) It’s interesting!

Метод «ИНСЕРТ» - метод пометок. Каждое предложение текста анализируется и помечается специальными значками. Затем на основании пометок заполняется кластер: сплошная линия «Что я знал до прочтения текста?», прерывистая линия «Какую новую информацию я узнал из текста?»

Example (пример): +The most important Kazakh holiday of the year is "Nauryz" - -the Kazakh New Year. +It is celebrated on March 22, - when night and day are identical. !Families gather together to help each other in constructing a "yurt" which is a traditional Kazakh home. -On Nauryz you will see that it is decorated with beautiful Kazakh ornaments, rugs and blankets.

Task 2

1 word- Theme of the text (WHAT)

2 words describing the Theme (WHICH)

3 words describing the Activity of people (WHAT do they DO)

Sentence from 4 words about the Theme

Задание «Text Pyramid» - есть аналог задания «Синквейн»

Предполагаемый ответ:

Popular, traditional

Celebrate, decorate, sing

The most important Kazakh holiday.

Task 3

Text Frame Complete the text using the frame.

«Скелет» текста – опорная схема для пересказа.

This text is about_____________. It is celebrated_______when____. _____gather_______constructing a yurt _____. As a guest _____. ___ traditional meal______. It is made of________. At the end_____have tea &________. ____is very popular_________.

The work with cards

The most important Kazakh holiday of the year is "Nauryz" - the Kazakh New Year. It is celebrated on March 22, when night and day are identical. Families gather together to help each other in constructing a "yurt" which is a traditional Kazakh home. On Nauryz you will see that it is decorated with beautiful Kazakh ornaments, rugs and blankets.

As a guest you will sit at a long low table and eat such Kazakh dishes as "karta" (round pieces of dried horse meat), "plov", "baursak", "besbarmak" (5 fingers-a meal which consists of noodles, onion, sheep meat).

The main traditional meal of this holiday is "Nauryz Kozhe". It is made of 7 components: meat, water, salt, airan, wheat, rice and raisin. Nauryz Kozhe is cooked by a family or a group of families or the people of the whole aul, village or settlement. All grown-ups and children must eat Kozhe or at least taste it. In fact this kind of Kozhe is a wish, a hope for the New Year to be successful.

At the end of the meal you will sit and have tea and listen to musicians playing dombyras and kobyz and singing songs. One of the major features of "Nauryz” is the traditional costumes that men and women wear. This holiday is very popular like many other holidays you celebrate in spring.

Card 1 (СЛАЙД 10)

Translate the words :

Переведите выделенные слова :

The most важный Kazakh holiday of the year is "Nauryz" - the Kazakh New Year. It is празднуется on March 22, when ночь and day are identical. Families собираются together to help each other in constructing a "yurt" which is a traditional Kazakh home. On Nauryz you will see that it is decorated with красивый Kazakh ornaments, rugs and blankets. As a гость you will sit at a long low table and eat such Kazakh dishes as "karta", "plov", "baursak", "besbarmak" (a meal which состоит из noodles, onion, sheep meat). The main традиционное блюдо of this holiday is "Nauryz Kozhe". It is делают , готовят of 7 components: meat, water, salt, airan, wheat, rice and raisin. Nauryz Kozhe is cooked by a family or a группа of families or the люди of the whole aul, village or settlement. All подростки and children must eat Kozhe or at least taste it. In fact this kind of Kozhe is a wish, a надежда for the New Year to be successful. At the end of the meal you will sit and пить чай and listen to musicians playing dombyras and kobyz and singing песни . One of the главный features of "Nauryz” is the traditional costumes that men and women wear. This holiday is very популярный like many other holidays you celebrate in spring.

Card 2 (СЛАЙД 11)

Re-write, put the words in the right order.

Переписать, поставить слова в нужной последовательности.

1. Is, on March 22, when, celebrated, are identical, Nauryz, night and day.

2. Kazakh , and, is beautiful, yurt, ornaments, decorated with, rugs, blankets.

3. traditional, the main, this, meal, holiday, is, "Nauryz Kozhe", of.

4. is, holiday, popular, very, this.

Card 3 (СЛАЙД 12)

Find the missing forms of the verbs:

Напиши недостающие формы неправильных глаголов:

Card 4 (СЛАЙД 13)

Complete the sentences:

Закончи предложение .

1. The most important Kazakh holiday…

2. It is celebrated on…

3. Families gather together…

4. The main traditional meal…

5. It is made of…

6. At the end of the meal…

Card 5 (СЛАЙД 14)

Say who (what)?

Скажи кто (что?)

What is celebrated on March 22?

Who gather together to help each other in constructing a "yurt"?

Who will eat such Kazakh dishes as "karta", "plov", "baursak", "besbarmak"?

What is the main traditional meal?

What is made of 7 components?

Who must eat Kozhe?

Card 6 (СЛАЙД 15)

Make the disjunctive questions.

Задай разделительный вопрос.

1. Nauryz is celebrated on March 22,…?

2. The yurt is decorated with beautiful Kazakh ornaments, rugs and blankets, …?

3. The main traditional meal of this holiday is "Nauryz Kozhe",…?

4. This holiday is very popular,…?

Card 7 (СЛАЙД 16)

Prove that:

Докажи что:

1. Nauryz is the most important Kazakh holiday of the year.

2. This holiday is very popular

Card 8 (СЛАЙД 17)

Find & write down from the text:

Найди и выпиши из текста:

2. Adjective (3)

3. Prepositions (3)

5. Verbs: in Pres. Ind.(1), in Past Ind. (1), in Future Ind.(1), Modal verb (1), Infinitive (1).

Conclusion.

Giving the marks.

Give your idea of the lesson:

WHAT DID YOU KNOW?

Home-task: to read & translate text “Astana”

Nauryz is a very important holiday for Kazakhs, which marks the beginning of a new year. It is celebrated several days starting from 21st of March, the day of the spring equinox.

Nauryz means ‘new day’, it is celebrated in the Great Steppes from ancient times.

Nauryz symbolizes goodness and wealth, happiness and love and a great friendship day, since this holiday is common for many nations.

During Nauryz celebrations, past offences are forgiven and forgotten and everybody makes a wish to leave all badness behind and bring renewal in the New Year.

Celebration of Nauryz
During the Nauryz holiday, large and small cities, villages become festival centres, - traditional nomad houses are erected in city centres and rich dastarkhan (table) is laid down in each of them.

City squares get full of yurts, and many performances take place there. Here one can learn about the culture and lifestyle of nomads and find people wearing , listen to Kazakh songs and play of musical instruments, etc. In holiday exhibitions and fairs traditional gifts and souvenirs are sold.

Usually young people gather around Altybakan, which is a large hanging swing, with colourful decorations, where songs are sung, and traditional games are played.

During Nauryz holiday, many famous stars give concerts in cities and the holiday is completed by fireworks.

Dishes served during Nauryz
Nauryz kozhe is the most important of all meals during these days and a main symbol of Nauryz, since it is prepared specially for this day. Nauryz kozhe is special for its unique recipe.Traditionally, 7 different ingredients are added to Nauryz kozhe, which may vary, but basically these ingredients include: water, meat, salt, milk or yoghurt, one type of grains, chosen from rice, corn or wheat, and others. Seven ingredients symbolize seven virtues or qualities, such as joy, success, intelligence, health, wealth, agility and security.

During the celebration of Nauryz, the kozhe is offered to all guests in any city or village of Kazakhstan. Besides, other traditional , such as beshbarmak, kuyrdak, baursak, and many types of meals made from milk (youghurt, kurt, cream, butter, cheese, etc) are also offered.

Interesitng facts :

• Between 1926-1988, Nauryz holiday was not officially celebrated in Kazakhstan (Kazakh Soviet Socialistic Republic those days)
• In 2009 - 3 days of Nauryz holiday, starting 21th of March, were officially announced bank holidays in Kazakhstan.
• September 30, 2009 - Nauryz was included in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by the UNESCO; since then, 21 of March is announced International Day of Nowruz (Nauryz).

Now enjoy a short clip about Nauryz celebrations from Steppe Tales travel documentary.

Тип урока: урок усвоения новых знаний с использованием элементов технологии развития критического мышления.

Цель : формирование представления о культуре, традициях Казахского народа на примере празднования Наурыза.

Задачи:

обучающие: дать новую информацию о традиционном празднике Наурыз в Казахстане, тренировать лексику по теме в разнообразных упражнениях;

развивающие: развить навыки монологической и диалогической речи, чтения, письма;

воспитательные: воспитание у учащихся интереса и уважения к культуре родной страны; развивать положительную мотивацию к дальнейшему изучению английского языка.

Формы : фронтальная, индивидуальная, групповая, развитие навыков общения в группе, толерантного понимания других людей.

Оборудование урока: компьютерная презентация к уроку, дидактический материал о Наурызе, музыка Кара Жорга, ватманы, фломастеры, стикеры, открытки, ингредиенты для приготовления баурсаков, готовые баурсаки, разноцветные ленточки, веточка дерева.

I. Organization moment.

Good morning, students! Good morning, our dear guests! I’m glad to greet you at our lesson.
Today you have got an unusual lesson.

I want you to look at the blackboard and guess what you are going to speak about today at the lesson.
Use the ABC, break the code and you’ll get the theme of our lesson. For example: the 1st letter of the English alphabet is Aa.

14
1
21
18
25
26

(Pupils name the letter of each number and get the theme of the lesson)
(Key: 14 - n, 1 - a, 21 - u, 18 - r, 25 - y, 26 - z)

P: We’re going to speak about Nauryz.

T: Right you are.

II. Vocabulary revision.

Before speaking about Nauryz let’s revise the words according to this theme.
Our next task is WORDS WITH MISSING LETTERS.
The words you can see on the board have missed letters. Fill in the right missing letters, read and translate them in Russian.
(Print the card of the word with missed letters on one side and key word on the other one).

1) b - - - - - ing
2) c - - - - - - te
3) eq - - - - x
4) w - - h
5) c - - - - - - - - - tions
6) sy - - - - - ze

(Key words: beginning/celebrate/equinox/wish/congratulations/symbolize)

III. Textwork «Nauryz - Kazakh New Year».

Do you want to learn about celebration of Nauryz in our country?

On each desk of the classroom you can find an envelope. In each envelope there’s a cut sentence about Nauryz. Your task is to put the words in the correct order to make the right sentences and then you’ll read them aloud. What is equinox? Pay attention to the pronunciation of this word /’i: kwinoks/. You can explain it in Russian. If you can’t explain it, read the definition of it on the board - It’s time of the year when the day and the night are of equal length.

(Pupils work in pairs and make up the sentences from the words; a teacher goes pass the desks, checks the sentences of each pair and then the pupils read them aloud)

1. Nauryz is a great holiday for all people of Kazakhstan.
2. It’s the beginning of a new year.
3. People celebrate this holiday on the 21st of March, the day of the spring equinox.
4. Nauryz symbolizes goodness and wealth, happiness and love and a great friendship day.
5. On Nauryz people make wishes and give congratulations.
6. On the Nauryz holiday, people wear beautiful national clothes, listen to and sing Kazakh songs, dance Kara Zhorga, play musical instruments and traditional games.
7. Beshbarmak, kuyrdak, kozhe, baursak are traditional meals on the holiday.

IV. Writing wishes and congratulations on the postcards.

1). Brain Storm.

You’ve said that on Nauryz people make wishes and give congratulations. What do we wish on the holiday Nauryz? (Pupils name the words and a teacher writes down them on the board)

2). Making up wishes on Nauryz.

Make up your own wishes and say them to each other.

For example: I wish you success, happiness, prosperity and good health on Nauryz. Or

(A teacher explains to pupils the rules of the usage of the verbs «wish» and «let» in English. Pupils make up their own congratulations, write down them on the piece of paper and stick them on the board.)

Congratulations on Nauryz holiday!
Let this holiday bring you a lot of pleasure and happiness!
Let the Nauryz bring to your life new and nice changes.
We wish you and your family well-being, happiness and joy!
I Wish you happiness, love, success and prosperity.
Wish you lots of love, joy and happiness.
With a holiday! Joy, happiness, health, love!
I wish you good spring mood and a lot of joy and light

3). Writing down pupils’ wishes on the postcards.

Write down you wishes on the postcards which I have prepared for you.

My dear, parents!
I congratulate you with Nauryz!
I wish you happiness, success, well-being and health.

Your son/daughter.

4). A tree of wishes.

There is a quote: So many countries, so many customs. In KZ there is a custom to tie a ribbon on a branch of a tree to make a wish. Do you want to take part in this activity? Come up to the tree, take a ribbon, tie it on a branch and make a wish.

(A teacher prepares a branch of any tree, ribbons of different colours and a card with written wishes on it. At first teacher takes a ribbon, reads her/his wishes and ties it on a branch, then one pupil takes a ribbon, reads his/her wishes and ties it on a branch, then the second pupil takes a ribbon, reads his/her wishes and ties it on a branch too and etc.)

V. Pause. Dance Kara Zhorga.

You’ve said that on the Nauryz holiday, people wear beautiful national clothes, listen to and sing Kazakh songs, dance Kara Zhorga, play musical instruments and traditional games. Let’s have a rest & dance Kara Zhorga (The teacher switch on the music or video and pupils dance).

VI. Listening to the recipe of baursaks.

Do you like baursaks? Can you cook them? Pupil 1 shows you how to cook them.

1). Before listening to the recipe, pay attention to the following words, their meanings and pronunciation: flour/’flaue/, yeast /’ji: st/, pinch and dough /’dou/. Listen to the recipe of baursaks. Now, Pupil1, it’s your turn.

Pupil 1: Take four glasses of flour, one glass of thick sour milk, one table spoon of yeast, one table spoon of sugar, a pinch of salt and 400 grams of vegetable oil. Make dough, divide it into small balls and fry them.
Taste yourselves!

2). Now listen again the recipe of baursaks and then fill in the sentences of the text on the cards you’re given with the proper words.

Take four glasses of 1 ___, one glass of thick 2 ___ milk, one table spoon of 3 ____, one table 4 ____ of sugar, a 5_____ of salt and 400 grams of vegetable 6_____. Make 7 _____, divide it into small 8 ____ and fry them. 9 ______ yourselves!

3). Exchange you cards, check each other using the key on the board and put the mark.

(Key: 1- flour, 2 - sour, 3 - yeast, 4 - spoon, 5 - pinch, 6 - oil, 7- dough, 8 - balls, 9 - taste.
1- 2 mistakes - «4», 3 mistakes - «3», 4 and more mistakes - «2»)

VII. Check yourself.

1). Let’s control your knowledge about Nauryz Day. Match the question with the right answer and then using the answers retell the text about Nauryz.

1. When do people celebrate Nauryz?
2. What kind of day is it?
3. What does this holiday symbolize?
4. What do people usually do on Nauryz?
5. What are traditional meals on this holiday?

A. It’s the beginning of a new year, the day of the spring equinox.
B. People celebrate this holiday on the 21st of March.
C. Nauryz symbolizes goodness and wealth,
happiness and love and a great friendship day.
D. On the Nauryz holiday, people wear
beautiful national clothes, listen to and sing Kazakh songs,
dance Kara Zhorga, play musical instruments
and play traditional games.
E. Beshbarmak, kuyrdak, kozhe, baursak are
traditional meals on the holiday.

2). There’s an unknown poem about Nauryz. I wish you to listen, read and remember it.

Holiday!
Amazing, funny.
Everybody smiles sunny.
We prepare special food.
Nauryz!

Baursak
Delicious, big.
We enjoy it.
It brings me calories.
Nauryz!

VIII. Reflection.

Our lesson is coming to an end. Please, tell me your opinion about our lesson using these phrases:

I like the lesson.
I don’t like the lesson.
I feel happy.
I feel tired.

Put your sticker near your opinion. You may use some stickers. Thank you very much for your attention and work! Happy Nauryz Day! Good bye!

IX. Your home task is to retell the text about Nauryz Day.

Список используемой литературы:

studall. org/all2-171005.html
https:/www. officeholidays. com
https://healthfan. biz/4119-baursaks-recipe. html
https://www. youtube. com
acc. pushkinlibrary. kz/top-show/98-news-ardlive-2003.htm